Take 10: Issue 37

20 Sep 2024 The Navigator

Ten useful take-aways for tips for improving visual observation and perception skills at sea

1 Mission-critical

Visual observations are critical to safe navigation. Navigators should continuously work on improving their powers of observations.


2 All available means

The value of visual observations is greatly enhanced when combined with relevant electronic tools. Rule 5 of the Colregs requires lookout by ‘all means appropriate’. This includes visual, audio, as well as radar, AIS and more.


3 Practice makes perfect

Visual techniques can be continuously improved, but they do need to be practised – this can be very rewarding!


4 On track

Leading (or range) lights and markers are extremely effective in port. Buildings and other fixed objects ashore can also be key indicators to help guide your way.


5 Free-flow

Watching how water flows past a fixed object is a very effective method for identifying the rate and direction of current.


6 Collusion cues

Using the edge of a bridge window is an excellent and quick way of assessing risk of collision.


7 Structures and speed

When approaching a berth at slow speeds, comparing your ship’s structure with fixed structures ashore (bollards, cranes, etc) can be far more effective than using electronic tools when assessing speed and direction.


8 By degrees

Watching the foremast against the horizon is an excellent means of assessing rate of turn.


9 Gathering clues

Observing visual clues from other vessels, such as propeller wash or anchor chain tension, can tell you a lot about their intended actions and the environment around them.


10 Mentoring matters

Visual techniques are best learned and taught on board; take every opportunity you can to learn from others (particularly pilots) and share your own knowledge with others.