Increasingly, modern merchant vessels are spending more time transiting Polar waters. This has been driven in part by the growth in the high latitude tourist trade, the increased deployment of Russian oil and gas from Northern ports, and new routes being made accessible due to new technologies and changing weather patterns.
Operating in Polar waters and ice comes with inherent risks and demands highly developed skills, procedures and equipment. The following documents concerning the operation of commercial ships in ice, have either been published by The Nautical Institute, or have been referred to by such publications.
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